Optimal Sizing of Hybrid Renewable Energy Sources Under Cable Pooling Conditions

With the increasing saturation of renewable energy sources (RES), there are growing limitations on the ability to connect new sources due to the lack of suitable locations or grid constraints. The existing renewable sources connected to the grid, in turn, pose problems related to generation variability, requiring the maintaining of costly reserves, and overproduction, resulting in forced outages. Therefore, grid operators were forced to adopt a more flexible approach when issuing connection permits, the so-called "cable pooling", which limits only the power fed into the network in a given node, not the total power of the connected sources. The article shows a method for optimal (from the investor's point of view) sizing of combination of different RES sources connected to the high-voltage network under cable pooling conditions. The most frequently used RES technologies: photovoltaics and wind turbines supplemented by the lithium-ion battery energy storage system are used. The main aim of the work is to examine the relationship between the optimally selected composition of devices and variables such as the investor's financial goal, the type of market from which they will derive revenues and prices on that market with an emphasis on the profitability of energy storage system.