Contextual Feature Expansion with Superordinate Concept for Compositional Zero-Shot Learning

Compositional Zero-Shot Learning (CZSL) seeks to enable machines to recognize objects and attributes (i.e.,primitives), learn their associations, and generalize to novel compositions, enabling systems to exhibit a human-like ability to infer and generalize. Existing approaches, multi-label and multi-class classification, face inherent trade-offs: the former suffers from biases against unrelated compositions, while the latter struggles with exponentially growing search spaces as the number of objects and attributes increases. To overcome these limitations and address the exponential complexity in CZSL, we introduce Concept-oriented Feature ADjustment (CoFAD), a novel method that extracts superordinate conceptual features based on primitive relationships and expands label feature boundaries. By incorporating spectral clustering and membership function in fuzzy logic, CoFAD achieves state-of-the-art performance while using 2×–4× less GPU memory and reducing training time by up to 50× on large-scale dataset.