Advancing Sustainable Development Through Green Intellectual Property Rights: Opportunities and Challenges

Green Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) are pivotal in promoting sustainable development by incentivizing innovation in environmentally friendly technologies, facilitating technology transfer, and reducing carbon emissions. This paper explores the multifaceted role of green IPR in fostering a transition from a brown to a green economy, emphasizing its impact on renewable energy technologies, such as solar and wind, and its integration with global sustainability goals through public-private partnerships (PPPs). Drawing on empirical evidence and case studies, the study highlights how green IPR encourages research and development (R&D), enhances economic and environmental sustainability, and supports technology dissemination, particularly in developing nations. However, challenges such as monopolistic control, regional disparities, and accessibility issues persist, necessitating flexible IPR frameworks, international cooperation, and innovative financing mechanisms. The paper proposes policy recommendations to strengthen global IPR systems, promote collaborative innovation, and balance protection with equitable access to green technologies, ensuring alignment with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).