The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Herpesvirus Detection, Transmission, and Predictive Modeling: With a Special Focus on Marek’s Disease Virus

Herpesvirus infections, including herpes simplex virus (HSV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and cytomegalovirus (CMV), present significant challenges in diagnosis, treatment, and transmission control. Despite advances in medical technology, managing these infections remains complex due to the viruses' ability to establish latency and their widespread prevalence. Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative tool in biomedical science, enhancing our ability to understand, predict, and manage infectious diseases. In veterinary virology, AI applications offer considerable potential for improving diagnostics, forecasting outbreaks, and implementing targeted control strategies. This review explores the growing role of AI in advancing our understanding of herpesvirus infection, particularly those caused by MDV, through improved detection, transmission modeling, treatment strategies, and predictive tools. Employing AI technologies such as machine learning (ML), deep learning (DL), and natural language processing (NLP), researchers have made significant progress in addressing diagnostic limitations, modeling transmission dynamics, and identifying potential therapeutics. Furthermore, AI holds the potential to revolutionize personalized medicine, predictive analytics, and vaccine development for herpesvirus-related diseases. The review concludes by discussing ethical considerations, implementation challenges, and future research directions necessary to fully integrate AI into clinical and veterinary practice.