In Vitro Anthelmintic Effect of <em>Piper auritum</em> Kunth and <em>Capsicum annuum </em>L. on Goat Intestinal Nematodes

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Abstract

Parasitosis caused by gastrointestinal nematodes in ruminants is a problem that affects production by reducing feed conversion, reducing reproduction, and even causing animal death. This negatively impacts producers' economy, also, there are constant reports of cases of anthelmintic resistance to commercial drugs. The objective was to evaluate the larvicidal effect of an ethanolic extract of Piper auritum and Capsicum annuum on gastrointestinal nematodes in goats under in vitro conditions. Concentrations of 100, 350, 1000, and 3500 µg mL-1 were used with three replicates, with albendazole 2 mg mL-1 and distilled water as controls. ANOVA was used to compare means and Tukey's test for contrast; LC50 and LC90 were estimated with Probit analysis, with significance (≤0.05). In Capsicum annuum concentrations, mortalities were observed (100:63.69%, 350:67.45%, 1,000:76.98% and 3,500:93.82%). In Piper auritum (100:32.76%, 350:34.03%, 1,000:59.69% and 3,500:88.09%). The LD50 of Capsicum annuum extract was 47.16 µg mL-1 and the LD90 was 3,703.09 µg mL-1, while the LD50 of Piper auritum was 457.49 µg mL-1 and LD90 was 7,780.48 µg mL-1. In Piper auritum the presence of flavonoids, coumarins and alkaloids was revealed, as well as the availability of alkaloids, tannins and coumarins in Capsicum annuum. The two extracts showed the same trend, the higher concentration and time, the greater larvicidal effect.

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