Minimum-Loss Torque Ratio Control for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Drive Systems Based on a Loss Parameterization Model

To improve the cruising range of new energy vehicles, this paper proposes a minimum loss torque ratio control strategy for permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs), which is based on a controllable loss parameterized model. The research conducts a systematic investigation into how external environmental factors affect the performance characteristics of key motor components, including copper windings, iron cores, and permanent magnets. Particular attention is given to the influence of stator and rotor temperatures as well as the skin effect. Based on these findings, analytical methods for calculating copper and iron losses are formulated. Utilizing these methods, a parameterized loss model is developed that is capable of adapting to complex and variable operating conditions. Building upon this model, a novel minimum loss torque ratio control strategy is introduced, which optimizes the distribution of copper and iron losses through precise adjustment of the motor’s field current, thereby significantly improving operational efficiency across the entire load spectrum. To validate the proposed model and control strategy, an experimental platform is constructed. The results confirm the accuracy and effectiveness of the approach.