Endometrial Organoids in PCOS: A Translational Tool for Gynecologic Precision Medicine

Background:Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is among the most common endocrine disorders affecting women of reproductive age and is closely linked to endometrial dysfunction and fertility challenges. Gaining a clearer understanding of these changes is essential for improving clinical care and outcomes.Objective:This mini-review highlights recent developments in using endometrium-derived epithelial organoids to model PCOS-related conditions, with a focus on their translational and clinical significance.Methods:A focused review of recent literature was conducted on PCOS-specific endometrial organoids and their application in disease modeling, drug testing, and tissue engineering. Emphasis was placed on studies highlighting molecular characterization and regenerative strategies.Results:Organoids derived from PCOS endometrium have shed light on hormonal imbalances, gene expression shifts, and cellular dysfunctions linked to the condition. These 3D models effectively mimic endometrial pathology and are being used to explore potential treatments. Additionally, efforts to integrate organoids with biomaterials are paving the way for regenerative solutions.Conclusion:Endometrial organoids represent a powerful and clinically meaningful platform for studying PCOS-related endometrial changes. Their growing role in personalized and regenerative medicine holds significant promise for tackling infertility and other reproductive health issues in PCOS.