Antenna for Energy Harvesting and Wireless Power Transmission

For the development of a compact and low power system using IoT, biomedical and wearable applications, antenna based technologies for energy harvesting and wireless power transmission (WPT) have grown very significant. This review revisits improvements in antenna technologies achieved through fabrication and substrate materials and considering low cost FR4 as well as specialised flexible and textile integration substrates. The role of advanced manufacturing methods, such as PCB based designs, inkjet printing, and additive techniques, is discussed so as to enable compact, efficient, and conformal antenna structures. Both the common as well as the emerging approaches used in the energy harvesting and WPT are explored in this paper, that is, the broadband and multiband designs, which are crucial for the optimization of performance across different environments. This review attempts to give a present status of the studies, on implementing energy efficiency, substrate performance, and integration and the new tendencies on flexible antenna systems and the hybrid fabrication. Further research could concentrate on developing materials for the next generation, customized for specific applications antenna capability.