Biopolymers for Liver Tissue Engineering: A Systematic Review
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Stem cell-derived liver cells, organoids, and lab-grown liver tissue are promising regenerative therapies for liver disease. However, current culture conditions are sub-optimal, producing end-target cells and tissue phenotypes that are immature when compared to primary liver cells and tissue. Biopolymers used in culture substrates and scaffolds for tissue engineering have a significant impact on the quality of end-target cells and tissue, influencing the efficacy of regenerative treatments. In addition, the biochemical properties of some biopolymers may even preclude the translation of downstream products into clinical practice. Therefore, this systematic review aims to evaluate the recent advances in biopolymers within regenerative hepatology, providing an overview of the current usage in the field and highlighting novel substrates that have the potential to be easily translated into clinical therapy.