Metabolomics Analyses Reveal the Main Components of Steroidal Glycoalkaloids Extracts from Potato Leaves

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), an important food and economic crop, has significant potential for the utilization of leaf waste. In this work, crude extracts and purified extracts of steroidal glycoalkaloid (SGA) derived from potato leaves were chemically characterized by LC-MS/MS techniques. Untargeted results revealed that 1,761 metabolites were identified in the two samples, and both had higher content of SGA compounds (solanidine and α-chaconine) among the tested extracts. The two compounds did not significantly differ between TQW and CHW. In the CHW_vs_TQW comparison group, 960 metabolites exhibited no significant differences, including alkaloids, terpenoids, and steroids, etc. Overall, this study provides extensive data on the metabolite composition of SGA extracts from potato leaves, providing useful information for the discovery of bioactive compounds. The extract has the potential to serve as an effective natural crop protection agent, though further optimization may be needed for broader application.