Case Report: Hashimoto's Disease as a Consequence of Vaccination Against COVID 19

Introduction World Health Organization (WHO) has recommended widespread vaccination to prevent the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. At the moment, vaccines from different manufacturers, with different composition and mechanism of action are available on the world market. Due to the urgency and necessity for the production of large quantities of vaccines, they have undergone short clinical trials, but it is still necessary to monitor the occurrence of side effects for at least five years (post-marketing surveillance). Case report Patient No. 1, a 47-year-old female, was vaccinated twice against COVID -19 with the AstraZeneca vaccine and her Anti-TPO antibodies increased 10-fold three months after receiving the second dose. Concentration of T4 was at the lower limit and TSH titer was elevated. One month after receiving the third dose, Pfizer -BioNtech vaccine, based on the clinical picture and laboratory tests, she was diagnosed with Hashimoto’s disease. Patient No. 2, a 47-year-old male, has received two doses of Sinopharm vaccine against COVID-19. On regular physical examination, ultrasound revealed micro-nodules in the thyroid gland. Laboratory tests showed an increased titer of Anti- TPO antibodies with a preserved hormonal status of the thyroid gland. After receiving the third dose of the same vaccine, the Anti -TPO titer remained at the previous level. Conclusion In some patients, vaccines against COVID-19 may increase the titer of Thyroid autoimmune antibodies leading to subclinical or clinical manifestations of Hashimoto's disease. The reasons are specific action of different types of vaccines, the overdose of vaccines in relation to body mass index as well as the place of vaccine application. It is recommended to monitor for a while the titer of anti-thyroid antibodies in persons vaccinated against COVID-19.