The Mediating Role of Inner Strength in the Relationship Between Biological Factors and Depression

Background/Objectives: Depression is a significant global public health concern, with working mothers facing unique vulnerabilities due to the intersection of biological, psychological, and social stressors. Biological risk factors (e.g., hormonal fluctuations, genetic predisposition) and psychosocial stressors are well-documented contributors to depression. However, emerging evidence suggests that inner strength—a construct encompassing resilience, emotional regulation, and positive coping—may mediate these relationships. This study addresses critical gaps by examining whether inner strength mediates the pathway from biological risks to depression, offering a potentially modifiable intervention target. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 330 Chinese working mothers aged 30 to 45 years. In addition to sociodemographic variables, validated instruments were used, including the Outcome Inventory for Depression, the Inner Strength-Based Inventory, and the Parental Stress Scale. Mediation analysis was performed to assess the indirect effect of inner strength in the relationship between biological risk factors and depression. Results: After controlling for covariates, biological risk factors had both a significant direct effect and an indirect effect (via inner strength) on depressive symptoms. Conclusions: This study underscores the significant role of biological factors in depression while highlighting the protective effect of inner strength in mitigating these risks. To enhance understanding and improve intervention strategies, future research should further explore approaches for strengthening inner resilience.