Irretrievable Breakdown of Marriage: Socio-Economic and Psychological Implications for Women and Children Across India, Scotland, New Zealand, and Australia

The irretrievable breakdown of marriage (IBM) represents a significant shift in marital dissolution laws, promoting individual autonomy while introducing complex socio-economic and psychological challenges, particularly for women and children. This paper examines the legal, economic, and social implications of IBM in India, Scotland, New Zealand, and Australia, highlighting the unique cultural and societal factors influencing marital stability in each region. In India, the lack of structured financial support post-divorce exacerbates economic vulnerabilities for women, compounded by societal stigma and psychological distress. In Scotland, communication breakdowns and societal pressures contribute to marital dissolution, while in New Zealand, cultural and economic stressors, including interracial dynamics and immigration, play significant roles. In Australia, socio-economic factors such as education and age at marriage influence divorce rates, with women often initiating separations. The psychological effects on children are profound across these regions, with increased risks of anxiety, depression, and relational challenges linked to family breakdown. The paper underscores the need for comprehensive legal reforms to ensure equitable asset distribution and robust support systems to mitigate the adverse impacts on women and children, advocating for culturally sensitive interventions to address these global challenges.