3D Printing and Supercritical Technologies for the Fabrication of Intricately Structured Aerogels Derived from the Alginate–Chitosan Polyelectrolyte Complex

Additive technologies represent a promising approach to solving problems in the field of tissue engineering, with the potential to develop personalized matrices for the growth of tissue and organ cells. The utilisation of supercritical technologies, encompassing the processes of drying and sterilisation within a supercritical fluid environment, has been demonstrated to generate significant opportunities in the domain of obtaining highly effective matrices for cell growth based on biocompatible materials. The present paper considers the processes involved in the formation of aerogels based on alginate-chitosan polyelectrolyte complex. This paper explores a range of methodologies for the printing process, encompassing direct gel printing and 3D printing employing a heterophase system. The demonstration is made of the possibility of combining the processes of drying and sterilisation in a supercritical fluid environment of personalized matrices based on a polyelectrolyte complex.