A System Error Self Correction Target Positioning Method in Video Satellite Observation

Satellite-based target positioning can obtain target location information effectively based on space-based information observation, and plays an indispensable role in disaster relief, hazard monitoring, and related fields. The demand for high-accuracy target positioning has become increasingly prominent with advancements in unmanned driving and precision mapping. In the practical situation, satellites are affected by such as thermal deformation and attitude determination errors, which leads to mixed fixed and random errors in the measured line-of-sight angles, and resulting in the decline of target positioning accuracy. Spurred by this concern, this paper introduces a systematic errors self-correction target positioning method under continuous observations using a single video satellite. First, the error sources and their effects are analyzed, and furtherly a positioning model under satellite observation with the errors are established. Then, in order to achieve accurate target position, an extended-dimension equation is formulated by incorporating target position and fixed biases as the parameters to be estimated. Based on the equation, an estimation strategy combined with initial analytical solutions and iterative refinement is recommended to estimate target position. Specifically, a projection transformation method is proposed to obtain the linearized estimation of the unknowns parameters firstly, then an iterative optimization method is utilized to refine the estimate further. Simulation results demonstrate that, compared with the state-of-the-art algorithms, the recommended algorithm effectively improves target positioning accuracy under non-ideal error conditions .