A Quantitative Assessment of Health and Hygiene Indicators in Schools: Exploring the Relationships Between Absenteeism, Satisfaction, and Environmental Conditions

This study aims to investigate the relationship between physical cleanliness, hygiene satisfaction, and absenteeism in public schools by employing a data-driven, quantitative research approach. Conducted across ten schools in three provinces of Türkiye’s Aegean Region, the study integrates observational data, environmental sensor readings (PM2.5, temperature, humidity), student and teacher surveys, and official absenteeism records. The findings reveal strong statistical relationships: higher cleanliness scores are associated with lower absenteeism rates and higher hygiene satisfaction among students. Multiple regression analysis showed that cleanliness and satisfaction jointly explain 76% of the variance in absenteeism. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) further indicated both direct and indirect pathways linking cleanliness to absenteeism through satisfaction. The study highlights the multidimensional role of school hygiene in promoting educational continuity, well-being, and equity. It also identifies structural disparities in hygiene infrastructure, particularly in socioeconomically disadvantaged schools. The results underscore the need for policy reforms, systematic hygiene monitoring, and equitable resource allocation in education systems. By situating hygiene not only as a health issue but also as a determinant of learning, the study offers a comprehensive framework for improving school environments and educational outcomes.