Techniques for Apical Modification of Necrotic Immature Permanent Teeth

Study included material and techniques of root-end modification in necrosed immature permanent teeth, which focus on the majority of the cases within regenerative endodontics. Usually, anatomic problems or carious lesions present a particular challenge in treatment due to incomplete root development and psychological issues for young patients. Clinical management is the product of cooperation between pediatric dentists and endodontists towards optimal results. Various treatment modalities including apexification with calcium hydroxide, mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), and regenerative techniques are discussed. Traditional approaches have been used with some success but had several disadvantages such as long therapy and low fracture resistance. Recent advances in the material enhance biological effects along with biologically promoting the regeneration of tissues through Biodentine and bioactive glass. But what needs to be imagined is the elongation of traumatized teeth and prevention of prosthetic interference.