Why Smaller Size and Amount of Gold Nanoparticles Is More Favourable to Augmenting the Electrical Properties of Discotic Liquid Crystals–Treatise

Nanoparticles are mixed into discotic liquid crystals (DLCs) to enhance their physical, optical, and electrochemical properties for advanced applications. The incorporation of nanoparticles can improve the thermal and mechanical stability of DLCs, as well as modulate their phase behavior and self-assembly characteristics. Nanoparticles can also serve as alignment aids, promoting uniform orientation of the discotic mesophase. Additionally, they introduce functionalities such as enhanced conductivity, magnetism, or photoluminescence, making the resulting composite materials suitable for diverse applications, including optoelectronic devices, sensors, and smart materials. This synergy between nanoparticles and DLCs enables the development of hybrid systems with novel and improved performance characteristics.In this chapter we explain the mixing of discotic liquid crystals and nanoparticles. Mainly what size and quantity of nanoparticle should be added to enhance the property of host DLCs is discussed.