Latest Research Advances in Chronic Kidney Disease – Mineral and Bone Disorders (2020 to 2025)

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a group of clinical symptoms characterized by progressive loss of kidney function, defined as Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) below 60 mL/min/1.73 m². For more than three months. The harm of CKD is extensive and has become a global public health problem. The harm of CKD is not only limited to the kidney itself, but also causes a variety of complications, among which Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder (CKD-MBD) is one of the important complications of CKD. It is characterized by abnormal mineral metabolism, bone disease, and vascular calcification, which seriously affects the long-term prognosis of patients. The pathophysiological mechanism of CKD-MBD is complex and involves a variety of factors, including dysregulation of phosphate and calcium metabolism, elevated Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) levels, and abnormal vitamin D metabolism. These disorders interact to cause abnormal bone metabolism and calcification of blood vessels, increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease. Although significant advances have been made in the understanding and treatment strategies for CKD-MBD, deficiencies remain. Current treatments focus on regulating mineral metabolism and inhibiting hyperparathyroidism, but these treatments have limitations. In addition, early diagnosis and prevention strategies for CKD-MBD are not yet perfect, and further research is needed to improve the accuracy of diagnosis and the effectiveness of treatment. This review aims to systematically review the latest advances in pathophysiology, diagnosis, clinical management and treatment of CKD-MBD. This paper focuses in particular on recent scientific discoveries and assesses their potential impact on improving patient management and clinical outcomes. Future research should focus on further exploring the molecular mechanisms of CKD-MBD, validating new biomarkers, developing personalized medicine strategies. These studies will provide new insights into the clinical treatment of CKD-MBD, help improve long-term patient outcomes, and lay the foundation for personalized medicine in the future.