Food Supply Chain: A Framework for the Governance of Digital Traceability

Nowadays there is an acknowledged need for greater transparency, operational efficiency and stakeholder trust inside the food supply chain. The integration of traceability system within value networks is therefore of considerable importance in the context of contemporary food globalized markets. Despite growing research and policy interest in digital traceability systems, significant implementation challenges persist. In this paper, we propose an analytical framework for understanding the role of digital traceability systems in the optimization of value networks and in the value creation for agri-food companies, by answering the research question: ‘What are the implications of different supply chain governance structures for digital traceability?’, applying it to real-world scenarios in the agri-food sector considering different supply chains. Through theoretical grounding and empirical research as well, the findings underscore several common themes that contribute to the effectiveness and value creation of traceability systems in these sectors. Finding out how governance structures have profound and multifaceted implications for traceability systems. In supply chains with high transaction complexity, such as wine, governance structures tend to ensure compliance and standardization but may limit innovation and flexibility. Conversely, in olive oil and cheese supply chains, there is greater room for innovation and differentiation, which is crucial for building consumer trust and meeting market demands.