Cognition and Postural Balance in Young Healthy Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study

(1) Background: It remains unclear whether cognition influences postural balance in young adults or if stability is primarily maintained through automated motor skills. While previous studies have explored cognition-balance links in older adults and athletes, research on healthy young adults is limited. (2) Methods: This study investigated the relationship between cognitive functions (processing speed, working memory, and inhibition) and postural balance (static and dynamic) in 62 healthy adults (18–50 years). Static balance was assessed using the Sway Medical app, while dynamic balance was measured with the Y Balance Test (YBT). Correlation and regression analyses were performed. (3) Results: No significant associations were found between cognitive function and balance performance, suggesting that postural stability in young adults relies more on automated motor processes than cognition. However, body mass index (BMI) significantly correlated with YBT performance, highlighting the influence of physical attributes on balance control. (4) Conclusions: These findings challenge assumptions regarding cognitive involvement in balance among young adults in routine tasks. Future research should examine whether cognitive demands play a more significant role under increased task complexity, fatigue, or external perturbations. Mobile-based assessments may aid in the early detection of balance deficits, improving interventions in sports and rehabilitation.