Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption and Associated Health Risks Among University Students in Kuwait: A Cross-Sectional Study

Excessive consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) is linked to various health risks, including obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. University students are particularly vulnerable due to lifestyle factors and high consumption patterns. This cross-sectional survey examined SSB consumption patterns, sugar intake, and awareness of health risks among Kuwait University students. Statistical analyses, including chi-square tests and logistic regression models, were conducted using SPSS. Findings revealed a high prevalence of SSB consumption, with significant associations between intake levels and demographic characteristics. Regular soda was the most consumed SSB, with 42% of students drinking it 5–6 times per week and 32% consuming it daily. The median daily sugar intake from soda alone was 38 g, approaching or exceeding recommended limits. Overall, 34% of students were classified as high-sugar consumers. Males had a higher total sugar intake, while females consumed SSBs more frequently. Greater health awareness was associated with lower sugar consumption, such as obesity (OR=0.142, 95% CI=0.046–0.435, p<0.001), whereas students who were aware of the sugar content in SSBs and who preferred unsweetened fruit juices had significantly lower sugar intake from SSBs (OR=0.653, 95% CI=0.435–0.980, p=0.040; OR=0.447, 95% CI=0.295, 0.675; p<0.001, respectively). The findings underscore the urgent need for targeted interventions- such as educational campaigns and policy measures - to reduce SSB consumption and promote healthier dietary habits among young adults in Kuwait.