The Application of Prebiotics and Probiotics and Their Influences to the Gut Microbiome

The human gut is densely colonised by microbes collectively called as the gut micro-biota. They have established mutualistic relationships with their host. They aid in promoting digestion, enhancing immunity, ease in complex processes like immunomodulation, produce metabolites like SCFAs which perform several beneficial functions for the host. They also produce antimicrobial compounds like bacitracin, hydrogen peroxide, bio surfactants, etc. Taking in consideration, all the benefits that the gut micro-biota offers to the host, scientists and researchers have formulated several products which contain both viable and non-viable forms of gut micro-biota to enhance their growth in the gut and provide protection from invasion b foreign pathogens, these are called as prebiotics, non-viable forms which act as food for gut microbes and therefore promote their growth and probiotics which are viable microbes that establish themselves as a commensal in the gut and present the benefits of gut micro-biota in an enhanced form. LAB is the most widely used probiotics particularly Lactococcus lactis (Gram +ve) and E.coli Nissle (Gram -ve). And in context of prebiotics, fructans and glucans are the most widely used.Ultimately it is evaluated that gut micro-biota has an immense influence on the health of host and is a very significant part of total wellbeing.