Gravitational Wave Propagation, Polarization Anomalies, and Informational Coherence in the Unified Theory of Informational Spin (TGU) – v2

This work presents a revised and operational formulation of gravitational wave propagation within the Unified Theory of Informational Spin (TGU). In this framework, gravitational waves are described as phase-coherent excitations propagating through a structured informational substrate rather than a purely geometric vacuum. The theory is explicitly framed as a phenomenological extension acting on wave propagation, while gravitational wave emission and local dynamics remain fully governed by General Relativity.A refined coherence-modulation formalism is introduced, distinguishing between amplitude-integrated effects and polarization-dependent anisotropies. Numerical simulations based on GW150914-like events demonstrate that informational coherence gradients can produce measurable amplitude modulation at the level of standard siren observables, as well as polarization ratios that cannot be mapped to any physical source geometry within General Relativity. These polarization anomalies emerge as a unique and falsifiable signature of the TGU, independent of intrinsic source parameters.The revised formulation establishes explicit falsification criteria based on geometric consistency, environmental correlation, and frequency behavior, ensuring direct experimental testability with current and next-generation interferometers. This work advances the TGU from a conceptual proposal to a quantitatively constrained, observationally accessible framework, positioning gravitational waves as probes of the informational structure of spacetime.