Socio-Environmental Impact in Adjacent Settlements of a Former Foundry

Mining has caused severe pollution, particularly in areas with poor regulation. The former Ávalos Foundry in Chihuahua City left toxic contamination after its closure in 1997, affecting nearby settlements. This study examines the socio-environmental impact on residents adjacent to the former foundry. The study area considered 5,773 dwellings, with 4,634 inhabited by 14,187 persons. A survey of 465 residents assessed sociodemographic aspects, environmental perceptions, and community participation. Tap water samples from 70 homes were analyzed for toxic metals, compared to Mexican, American and European regulatory. Using ArcGIS and interpolation, the study modeled water pollutant dispersion. Findings show residents face economic, social, environmental, and health issues due to ongoing contamination. Several suffer from respiratory and skin diseases linked to mining waste. While the majority consider their live comfortable or very comfortable, many would not have moved there if aware of the risks before. Despite concerns, most residents are reluctant to engage in community efforts to address pollution. Water tests revealed high levels of, arsenic, copper, chromium, iron, manganese, and nickel posing serious health risks. The study calls for immediate action, including awareness campaigns, health monitoring, environmental remediation, and collaboration among public, social, and educational sectors to secure funding and long-term solutions.