The Role of Risk Management and Digital Technology Literacy in Enhancing Student Resilience: The Moderating Effect of Modern Learning Environments in the Digital Era

The rapid digital transformation in higher education has highlighted the importance of adaptive learning environments and strategies that foster student resilience. This study investigates the influence of risk management and digital technology literacy on student resilience, with the modern learning environment as a moderating variable. Using a quantitative approach, data were collected from 475 undergraduate students across various universities in Indonesia through an online survey. Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) was employed to analyze the relationships between the variables. The findings reveal that both risk management and digital technology literacy have significant positive effects on student resilience. Moreover, the modern learning environment strengthens these relationships by providing students with reliable digital infrastructure and innovative learning strategies that amplify the impact of institutional policies and individual competencies. These results underscore the critical role of robust risk management, comprehensive digital literacy programs, and high-quality modern learning environments in fostering resilience among students. This study contributes to the theoretical understanding of resilience by integrating institutional, individual, and environmental factors. Practically, it provides insights for higher education institutions to develop integrated strategies that enhance risk management frameworks, promote digital literacy, and invest in inclusive, technology-driven learning ecosystems to better prepare students for academic and professional challenges in the digital era.