From Prediction to Precision: The Impact of AI on the Future of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

Background: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a vital intervention for managing cardiac arrest; however, enhancing survival rates remains a significant challenge. Recent advancements highlight the importance of integrating artificial intelligence (AI) to overcome existing prediction, intervention, and post-resuscitation care limitations. Methods: A thorough review of contemporary literature regarding AI applications in CPR was undertaken, explicitly examining its role in the early prediction of cardiac arrest, optimization of CPR quality, and enhancement of post-arrest outcomes. The analysis incorporated data from machine learning models, biosignal-responsive robotics, and advanced monitoring systems to showcase advancements and identify future challenges. Results: Innovations driven by AI have significantly transformed CPR practices across multiple areas. Predictive algorithms leveraging electronic health records and continuous electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring facilitate the early identification of at-risk patients. Additionally, AI-enhanced feedback systems improve the accuracy of chest compressions and minimize variability in manual execution. Integrating AI with automated external defibrillators (AEDs) and real-time ECG analysis increases defibrillation precision and reduces interruptions during CPR. Emerging technologies, including wearable devices, immersive training simulators, and drone-delivered defibrillators, show considerable potential in addressing response time disparities during out-of-hospital cardiac arrests. Nevertheless, ethical considerations, particularly regarding data privacy and equitable access, pose significant challenges. Conclusions: Integrating AI into CPR practices can enhance prediction accuracy, procedural effectiveness, and survival rates. Addressing the ethical, legal, and technological barriers to successful implementation in clinical settings is crucial.