Phosphorus Sources in Management Zones and Their Impact on Soybean Crops

Phosphorus (P) is an essential element for plant growth and development. Studies show that up to 90% of phosphorus applied via inorganic fertilizer is adsorbed or precipitated into colloids and not made available to plants. In this context, the use of microorganisms as promoters of P availability in the soil solution is essential. The objectives of this work were to delimit management zones (MZ) based on the spatial variability of P content in the soil and to investigate the effects of P supply, from different sources (mineral and biological) applied in each ZM, on the soybean crop and on the soil after applications. The results indicate that P management, both via mineral sources and the use of solubilizers, is effective in increasing soybean productivity, grain weight, and P content in soil and grains, especially in management zones with lower initial P content. The use of management zones based on the spatial variability of P content in the soil proved to be an efficient tool for optimizing phosphorus application, contributing to greater productivity and better use of resources, especially in areas with low fertility. This reinforces the importance of precision management strategies in the use of fertilizers, adapted to specific soil conditions, to maximize yield and improve nutrient use efficiency.