Epidemiology of West Nile Virus in New York City: Trends and Transmission Dynamics (2000–2019)
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The 1999 West Nile Virus (WNV) outbreak in NYC marked the first introduction of the virus into the Western Hemisphere. This study examines two decades (2000-2019) of surveillance data, analyzing human cases (381 cases, 35 fatalities) and mosquito pools (6,632 positive pools). Findings highlight the dominant role of Culex species, particularly Cx. salinarius, in human transmission, with 69% of cases occurring near infected mosquito pools. Spatial analyses reveal transmission hotspots, emphasizing the importance of species-specific mosquito control. These insights contribute to refining urban vector management and public health strategies against WNV outbreaks.