Genetic Results and Clinical Pregnancy Outcomes Following Preimplantation Genetic Testing: A Retrospective Analysis of 2577 Embryo Biopsies

Background and Objectives: This study investigates the impact of maternal age and blastocyst development stage on aneuploidy rates. It evaluates the effectiveness of preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A) in improving clinical outcomes in in vitro fertilization (IVF). While PGT-A is often recommended for older patients, this study highlights its value across all maternal age groups in optimizing embryo selection. Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted, analyzing 691 IVF cycles with PGT-A and 2,577 biopsied blastocysts between January 2019 and December 2023 at a single reproductive center. Patients were stratified into five age groups (<30, 31–33, 34–35, 36–40, >40 years), and blastocyst biopsies were performed on days 5 or 6 for genetic testing. Primary outcomes included euploidy and aneuploidy rates, while secondary outcomes assessed embryo availability and pregnancy complications. Results: The overall euploidy rate was 34.5%, declining with age from 43.6% (<30 years) to 15.9% (>40 years), while aneuploidy rates peaked at 75.43% (>40 years). Blastocysts biopsied on day 5 showed higher euploidy rates than on day 6 (40.16% vs. 27.92%, p<0.001). PGT-A cycles demonstrated superior ongoing pregnancy rates compared to cycles without genetic testing, with the most significant benefit observed in patients aged 36–40 (OR: 2.16, 95% CI: 1.07–4.35). However, all age groups benefited from PGT-A in reducing failed transfers due to non-viable embryos. Conclusions: This study underscores the universal utility of PGT-A in IVF, demonstrating its effectiveness in enhancing clinical outcomes and embryo selection, not only among older patients but across all maternal age groups. These findings highlight PGT-A as a valuable tool for optimizing IVF success regardless of patient age.