Aging in Iran: Challenges and Future Policy Directions

Iran is undergoing a demographic transition, with projections indicating that older adults will account for over 30% of the population by 2050. This rapid aging trend, driven by declining fertility rates and increased life expectancy, presents significant challenges, including financial strain on pension systems, social isolation due to changes in family structures, and growing healthcare demands driven by chronic conditions. Although there are existing policies aimed at addressing aging, the fragmentation and lack of coordination between these policies hinder effective implementation and comprehensive support. This study employs a sociological framework, incorporating world-systems theory and network theory, to analyze the current state of aging-related policies in Iran. The findings reveal critical gaps in policy integration, governance, and resource allocation. Drawing on global best practices, including lessons from Japan, Scandinavian countries, and Singapore, the study proposes a unified policy approach that aligns with international standards while considering the socio-cultural and economic context of Iran. Key recommendations include the establishment of a centralized body to oversee aging initiatives, the development of age-friendly urban spaces, the promotion of community-based care models, and the integration of technology to enhance healthcare and social participation. This study aims to provide a comprehensive roadmap for Iran to address the challenges of an aging population and ensure the well-being of older adults in a rapidly changing society.