Quark Confinement as Charged Micro-Universes

This study explores the significant influence of charge Q on the discreet energy spectrum and interactions of particles within a confined system. We analyze how variations in Q, particularly as it transitions from zero to non-zero values, reveal critical insights into particle behavior at the quantum level. Central to our findings is the strong coupling factor κ, which underscores the intricate relationship between intrinsic system energies and those generated through particle interactions. Our results demonstrate the inverse proportionality of κ to energy density and its direct relationship with the confinement radius, reflecting the principles of confinement theory in hadrons. Additionally, we elucidate the connection between the energy of a free particle and the energy resulting from strong interactions, as governed by κ. This framework enhances our understanding of the energetic dynamics in particle physics, highlighting the complex interplay between charge and confinement.