Risk Prevention and Resilience to Climate Droughts - Water Reuse and Innovative Financial Instruments

Brazil is globally recognized for its abundance of water. However, the geographical distribution of its population and the environmental, socioeconomic and cultural differences between its regions lead to more complex water management. Furthermore, climate change has posed additional challenges that require more modern and committed management. The north of the country, known for its humid climate and for hosting the largest river in the world (Amazonas), was impacted in 2024 the worst drought in its history. The implementation of water reuse infrastructure to guarantee regional water security has already been considered innovative, in the past. Currently, more assertive actions must also involve the transfer of responsibilities in relation to the impacts and expected risks from climate change, losses resulting from disasters, in addition to their prevention. Innovative climate insurance is gaining prominence as it finances loss prevention measures and creates resilience to climate risks arising from severe droughts. The international scientific community indicates that Brazil still does not have studies to address these issues. The present study was carried out to confirm this hypothesis. The results present an important gap to be explored by the national scientific community, as well as other developing countries that present a similar scenario.