ESG Integration and Green Computing: A 20-Year Bibliometric Analysis

As businesses increasingly prioritize sustainability, integrating Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) principles with green computing has emerged as a critical strategy. However, research remains fragmented regarding how these two domains interact within the Triple Bottom Line (TBL) framework. This study conducts a bibliometric analysis of 750 articles published between 2004 and 2024, using multiple correspondence and co-citation analyses to identify key trends. The findings highlight a strong correlation between green computing practices and improved economic outcomes. Results indicate that China and the United States lead research output in this field, with a significant rise in publications post-2018, driven by regulatory pressures and corporate sustainable initiatives. Our findings emphasize that companies integrating green computing with ESG strategies can achieve long term financial sustainability while meeting Environmental and social responsibilities. The study provides insights from business leaders, policymakers, and researchers by identifying critical gaps and future research direction, including industry – specific applications and policy frameworks to accelerate ESG adoption in technology – driven enterprises. Future research should address practical challenges in implementing these practices across different industries and explore the long-term impacts of ESG integration on business performance.