Deep Sea Minerals Ameliorate Dermatophagoides farinae or 2,4-Dinitrochlorobenzene-Induced Atopic Dermatitis in NC/Nga Mice

Chronic pruritus and inflammatory skin lesions, characterized by high recurrence, are hallmarks of atopic dermatitis (AD). Despite its increasing prevalence, the development of therapeutic agents for AD remains limited. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of deep-sea minerals (DSM) in mist and cream formulations on the development of AD-like skin lesions in NC/Nga mice exposed to either Dermatophagoides farinae body extract (Dfb) or 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB). To induce AD, 100 mg of Biostir AD cream containing crude Dfb or 200 µL of DNCB (1%) was topically applied to the dorsal skin of NC/Nga mice. Additionally, 200 µL of deep-sea mineral mist (DSMM) and 10 mg of deep-sea mineral cream (DSMC) were applied daily to the dorsal skin for 4 weeks. AD was assessed through visual observations, clinical scoring of skin severity, serological tests, and histological analysis. Visual and clinical evaluations revealed that DSM inhibited the formation of AD-like skin lesions. DSM also significantly affected trans-epidermal water loss and erythema. Treatment with DSM resulted in reduced serum levels of IgE, IFN-γ, and IL-4. Histological analysis indicated that DSM decreased skin thickness. Immunostaining for the CD4 antigen demonstrated reduced infiltration of CD4 T cells, which drive the Th2 response in AD, following DSM treatment. In conclusion, the cream formulation of DSM showed better results than the mist formulation. These results suggest that DSM may be an effective treatment for allergic skin inflammatory diseases, especially in cream formulation.