Critical Review of Zitterbewegung Electron Models

This paper presents a critical review of existing Zitterbewegung models of the electron, assessing their compatibility with Dirac theory, special relativity, and observed particle physics data. We highlight the strengths and limitations of each model, while also introducing a perspective of the electron based on field dynamics rather than particle concepts. Our aim is to determine whether fundamental properties of the electron—such as spin, charge, mass, and relativistic behavior—can be derived from first principles.