A Review of CiteSpace-Based Studies Regarding the Effects of Drought Stress on the Physiological Characteristics of Wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.)

Drought is one of the most significant agrometeorological hazards which limit wheat production and yield. Wheat exhibits a variety of morphological, physiological, biochemical and molecular responses to drought stress. In this study, we simulated the effects of drought stress in wheat by using the CiteSpace visualization tool, sumarized climate impact and adaptation to drought stress of wheat pruduction, drought tolerance in wheat, progress and technologies on breeding wheat for drought tolerance, and drought stress impact on vigour, plant traits and yield. Under drought stress, plant height, water content, leaf area index, chlorophyll content and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of wheat showed different degrees of decline, and water stress significantly increased the content of osmoregulatory substances (proline, free amino acid, total soluble sugar) in wheat. Drought tolerance is a complex trait controlled by multiple genes, and its expression is influenced by various environmental factors. Research on the evolutionary trend of dry matter accumulation in different ploidies of wheat during the process of hybridization and domestication is necessary, and molecular-level studies on the drought tolerance mechanism in wheat should be conducted to provide a basis for wheat breeding.Wheat breeding with new traits is a climate change adaptation option, however its effect will vary among different regions and limited under soil conditions and local environmental conditions. This review paper focused on water limitation and its effects on morphological, physiological, biochemical and molecular responses of wheat leaves and possible losses due to drought stress.