A Physics-Informed Conceptual Model for Immuno-Oncology: Integration of Biological, Psychological, and Environmental Dimensions

Background: Malignant tumors pose a serious threat to human health; however, the etiologies of most cancers remain elusive, which highlights the limitations of the prevailing biological-reductionist and statistical paradigms in modern medicine. Methods: To address these gaps, this study developed a physics-informed conceptual model of the human organism from a life-environment systems perspective. This model emphasizes the high degree of order in living systems and centers on the functional role of the immune system, integrating biological, psychological, and environmental dimensions into a unified analytical framework. Results: The model provides a coherent explanation for tumorigenesis, framing it as a state of dysregulation in the internal environment that arises from persistent exogenous factors and compromised immune surveillance. It further predicts a comprehensive treatment framework targeting physiological disorder rectification, etiological factor intervention, and psychosocial support. Conclusion: This study advances immuno-oncology by elucidating the impact of psychosocial and behavioral factors on immunity from a holistic, systems-based perspective. The model bridges the gap between modern and traditional medical paradigms, offering a novel intellectual framework to refocus clinical practice on etiological diagnosis and integrated care, with the potential to improve cancer management.