Development of High Antioxidant / High Fiber Functional Peach Nectar Containing Lutein/Lycopene and Various Dietary Fibers Using D-Optimal Mixture Design Optimization

For developing a type of healthy and functional drink with high fiber and antioxidant properties, three types of dietary fiber (bamboo fiber, citrus fiber, and polydextrose) and two types of carotenoids (lycopene and lutein) were used in the peach nectar-based formulations. Based on the D-optimal mixture design, the ratio of fibers in a constant amount of fiber mixture (6 g) and the ratio of carotenoids in a constant amount of carotenoid mixture (6 mg) were selected as independent variables. 24 formulations were presented by Design Expert software and based on anti-oxidant and physical stability tests, the highest desirability was achieved by the formulation with 100% polydextrose and 100% lycopene (F8 sample) with a desirability of 0.997. This formulation showed 88% stability and 85% DPPH antioxidant activity. In addition to the F8 sample, five other samples were selected for further experiments. In the second stage, different tests including total phenol, total flavonoid, vitamin C, total fiber, minerals and trace elements, antioxidant properties (with three different methods), stability of lycopene and lutein, degradation kinetics of lycopene and lutein, rheology, and sensory evaluation were done on the selected fortified peach nectars. Experiments showed that the type of fiber in the mixture was highly effective on all measured parameters and lycopene had a greater effect on antioxidant properties than lutein.