Earth-Air Heat Exchangers: A Comprehensive Review

Earth Air Heat Exchangers (EAHEs) provide a compelling solution for improving building en-ergy efficiency by harnessing the stable subterranean temperature to pre-treat ventilation air. This comprehensive review delves into the foundational principles of EAHE operation, meticu-lously examining heat and mass transfer phenomena at the ground-air interface. The study me-ticulously investigates the impact of key factors, including soil characteristics, climatic condi-tions, and crucial system design parameters, on overall system performance. Beyond independ-ent applications, this review explores the synergistic integration of EAHEs with a diverse array of renewable energy technologies, such as air source heat pumps, photovoltaic thermal (PVT) panels, wind turbines, fogging systems, water spray channels, solar chimneys, and photovoltaic systems. This exploration aims to clarify the potential of hybrid systems in achieving enhanced energy efficiency, minimizing environmental impact, and improving the overall robustness of the system.