Applications of Renewable Energies in Low-Temperature Regions: A Scientometric Analysis of Recent Advancements and Future Research Directions

This study presents a scientometric analysis of renewable energy applications in low-temperature regions, focusing on green hydrogen production, carbon storage, and future trends. The research covers three distinct periods from 1988 to 2024, using bibliometric tools such as R-Studio and VOSviewer to evaluate scientific publications and keyword co-occurrence. The study highlights an exponential growth in renewable energy research post-2021, driven by global initiatives to achieve carbon neutrality. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) plays a crucial role in identifying the environmental impacts of energy systems, emphasizing the need to integrate renewable energy sources to reduce carbon emissions. The analysis reveals that hydrogen production via electrolysis has emerged as a key topic in reducing carbon footprints, particularly in hard-to-abate sectors. Carbon storage technologies, including bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS), have gained traction as essential components of future energy systems. The results indicate a growing interest in optimizing renewable energy systems for low-temperature environments, with significant progress in solar, wind, and hydrogen technologies. The study underscores the importance of local and regional adaptations, integrating energy storage solutions, and diversifying energy matrices to enhance energy security. Future trends suggest a focus on multi-objective optimization using deep learning and AI to improve energy system performance. The findings contribute to understanding the global research landscape on renewable energy applications in cold regions, offering valuable insights into sustainable solutions for extreme climates.