Physicochemical Characterization of a Nano-Hydroxyapatite/β-Tricalcium Phosphate (n-HA/β-TCP) and Type 1 Collagen Composite: An <i>In Vitro</i> Study

Materials science has contributed to developing new nano-biomaterials for specific dentistry applications. The present work aims to characterize the physicochemical properties of a composite nanomaterial scaffold in the form of blocks for maxillofacial bone regeneration application. The scaffold had block shapes and was a mixture of nano-hydroxyapatite, β-Tricalcium phosphate, and type I collagen of bovine origin. The biomaterial was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron mcroscopy (TEM), chemical composition microanalysis, and X-ray diffractometry (XRD). In the SEM and TEM analyses, it was possible to identify the layers of the materials and, with microanalysis, quantify the chemical composition. The XRD spectra showed the presence of nano-hydroxyapatite and nano-ß-TCP. The results showed that the composite does not contain contamination from manufacturing procedures. It can be concluded that the n-HA/β-TCP and type 1 collagen composite is free of manufacturing contaminants and can be suited for clinical application.