Current Updated Aspect Related to Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, Comorbidity and Management of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome—A Critical Review

The most common metabolic endocrine illness in women, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), swiftly impacts not only physical health but also psychological perception related to social and cultural ties that health-related quality of life (HRQOL). The HRQOL of women with PCOS is greatly affected by the constellation of symptoms that mainly accompany menstrual disorder and androgen excess. Several illnesses and conditions are more common in women with PCOS, such as obesity, insulin resistance, cardiovascular disease, infertility, cancer, and mental health issues. Managing the cases includes patient education, healthy lifestyle implementations, and the best possible therapeutic interventions, particularly based on targeting their symptoms. Therapeutic interventions include use of metformin, combined oral contraceptive pills, clomiphene citrate, spironolactone, surgery (ovarian laparoscopic drilling), and cosmetic interventions. Moreover, various new therapeutic approaches, such as use of inositol, statins, supplementation of vitamin D, miRNA therapy, interleukin-22 therapy, and faecal microbiota transplantation, bring new opportunities as well as challenges in PCOS management. This review will look at the different aspects of PCOS, other conditions that are linked to it, and the current and future ways that people with PCOS who are having trouble getting pregnant can improve their quality of life.