Lipid Production in Streptomyces jeddahensis Is Temperature-Sensitive and Enhanced by Glucose and Fatty Acid Derivatives

The potential of Streptomyces jeddahensis for lipid production was investigated, focusing on its ability to utilize various carbon sources under different temperature conditions. Glucose and fatty acid derivatives (sodium hexanoate, octanoate, and decanoate) were tested at 30°C, 37°C, and 45°C to optimize growth and lipid biosynthesis. The results revealed that 37°C was the optimal temperature for lipid accumulation, with sodium octanoate leading to the highest lipid content. While growth declined at 45°C, significant lipid production persisted, indicating an adaptive stress response. Gene expression analysis identified upregulation of key metabolic genes, including STSP_03080 (DGAT) and STSP_67970 (fabD), under thermal stress, highlighting enhanced fatty acid biosynthesis pathways. This study demonstrates the capacity of S. jeddahensis to efficiently convert medium-chain fatty acids into lipids, supporting its use as a sustainable and scalable platform for biodiesel production and other lipid-based industrial applications.