Prolonged Survival with Dieting for the Improved Autophagy

Food is a crucial component affecting the health of individuals, which may have the potential to expand lifespan. It has been shown that the long lifespan may be related to the fine-tuned autophagy. In general, the suitable autophagy could play a significant role in an anti-aging biological exertion of the host. A member of serine and threonine kinases, AMPK, could play vital roles within the autophagy signaling pathway in various cells. In addition, alterations in the kinase activity of AMPK have been shown to be connected to several pathologies of aging related diseases. Therefore, autophagy could control the lifespan-related homeostasis within the host from cells to a body via the modification of AMPK. The design of the diet and/or nutrition targeting the AMPK would be a possibility to expand the lifespan. Some analyses of the molecular biology underlying the autophagy suggest that supplementation of accurate nutraceuticals as well as dietary restriction, mild fasting, and/or appropriate physical exercise could modulate the AMPK signaling which may be advantageous for the life-extension with the alteration of autophagy. Remarkably, it has been revealed that several non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) might also play significant roles in the regulation of autophagy. In addition, the production of some ncRNAs may be associated with the alteration of gut microbiota with certain dieting. Therefore, the modulation of AMPK action with ncRNAs via choosing the relevant diets could be a therapeutic tactic for grasping the longevity, also accompanying with the reduced risk of several aging-related diseases.