The First Report on the Artificial Cultivation Techniques of Buchwaldoboletus xylophilus (Boletales, Boletaceae, Buchwaldoboletus) in Southwest China

Buchwaldoboletus xylophilus is an edible boletes species belonging to the family Boletaceae and the genus Buchwaldoboletus, is found in tropical and subtropical regions, and is known for its rare wild resources. In this study, wild B. xylophilus was isolated and cultured, and its biological characteristics and artificial cultivation techniques were studied. The results showed that the optimal carbon source, nitrogen source and inorganic salt for the mycelium growth of B. xylophilus were maltose, ammonium tartrate and magnesium sulfate, respectively. The most appropriate temperature is 28 ℃ and the pH value is between 5 and 6. The most effective combination was determined by orthogonal experiment as follows: glucose, ammonium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 28 ℃. The results of artificial cultivation in mushroom houses showed that the mycelium of B. xylophilus was strong and grew well on the culture medium. The mycelial growth rate is 4.54 mm/d, and the fungus bags are filled about 50 days after inoculation. The primordium is formed 9 to 14 days after covering with soil and the fruiting body matured in 6 ~ 8 days. The average yield of fresh mushrooms reached 131.07±29.38 g/bag, and the average biological efficiency reached 28.48±6.39 %. In this study, the artificial cultivation technology of B. xylophilus in mushroom house was reported for the first time. The fruiting bodies obtained through cultivation were identified by morphological and molecular biological methods. This technology offers benefits such as affordability, a brief cultivation cycle, substantial yields, and superior quality, making it ideal for industrial-scale and extensive cultivation.