Prevalence and Factors Associated with Tuberculosis Among Healthcare Workers: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis

  1. Alessandro Rolim Scholze
  2. Paola Obreli Bersi
  3. Mariane Cândido da Silva
  4. Júlia Trevisan Martins
  5. Emiliana Cristina Melo
  6. Maria José Quina Galdino
  7. Flávia Meneguetti Pieri
  8. Felipe Mendes Delpino
  9. Yan Mathias Alves
  10. Thais Zamboni Berra
  11. Oclaris Lopes Munhoz
  12. Josilene Dália Alves
  13. Mellina Yamamura
  14. Ricardo Alexandre Arcêncio
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Abstract

Background: Healthcare workers are exposed to an unhealthy environment that increases the risk of developing tuberculosis. Objective: To analyze the prevalence and factors associated with tuberculosis among healthcare workers. Methods: A systematic review with meta-analysis was conducted using six databases. Methodological quality was assessed according to JBI recommendations. A random-effects meta-analysis was performed. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines were followed for reporting. Results: Thirty-two articles were included in the evidence synthesis. The prevalence of tuberculosis among healthcare workers was found to be 15.92% [95% CI 8.49–27.88|I2 = 99% | p = 0]. Female sex was associated with 1.37 times higher odds of infection [95% CI 0.68–2.38, I2 = 80%, p = 0.01]. Advanced age increased the odds by 1.47 times [95% CI 1.33–4.62, I2 = 76%, p = 0.01]. Conclusions: Early diagnosis of tuberculosis in the workplace and the implementation of continuing education programs with preventive strategies are essential to control contamination and the spread of the disease: CRD42022320153.

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  1. Version published to 10.3390/microbiolres16080191
  2. Version published to 10.20944/preprints202412.0201.v1