Impact of Surgeon’s Experience on Implant Placement Accuracy Using a Dynaminc Navigation System: A Cadaver Pilot Study

Objectives: To evaluate the accuracy of dynamic computer-assisted surgical implant placement systems during a practical training on fresh defrozen cephali. Methods: Three defrozen cephali with terminal dentition recieved a total of 26 implants (15 4.3x13mm & 11 4.3x13mm, Nobel Biocare) following a standardized protocol: a digital scanning and planning protocol followed by dynamic navigation surgery (X-Guide, X-Nav Technologies). All surgical interventions were performed by two surgeons: a senior oral surgeon (OE) with more than 5 years of implant dentistry experience and a non-experienced surgeon (NE). Results: Different linear and angular measurements (i.e., deviation shoulder point; deviation tip point; depth deviation shoulder point; depth deviation tip point; B/L and M/D angular deviations) were calculated in duplicate to estimate the discrepanacy of the virutal digital planning respect to the real clinical scenario. Differences between the two operators were also explored. The results of the bivariate analysis detected clinical negligeble differences between operators, without any statistically significand differences for all investigated parameters (p>0.05). Conclusions: The preliminary positive findings of this pilot study suggest that the investigated dynaminc navigation system could be a viable and safe technique for implant surgery and may offer additional safly benefits to not-experienced operators, despite the required learning.