Effects of Therapeutic Interventions on Physical and Respiratory Functionality in Female Fibromyalgia Patients: A Cross-over Study

Background/Objectives: Fibromyalgia is a chronic condition characterized by widespread pain, fatigue, and impaired physical functionality, significantly impacting patients' quality of life. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the effects of two therapeutic interventions—neuromodulation using the EXOPULSE Mollii suit and a structured exercise training program—on the physical and respiratory functionality of female fibromyalgia patients. Methods: A crossover randomized controlled trial was conducted with 10 female fibromyalgia patients (mean age: 51.6 ± 7.18 years). Participants underwent two interventions, each consisting of 16 sessions, with a two-week washout period between treatments. Neuromodulation sessions employed a standardized electrode configuration, while the exercise program included strength training and high-intensity interval training. Outcome measures included respiratory variables (FEV1, FEV6, FEV1/FEV6 ratio, chest perimeter differences) and functional tests (handgrip strength, chair stand, 10-meter up-and-go, and balance tests). Results: Both interventions improved physical and respiratory functionality. Significant gains in the chair stand test (neuromodulation: +6.7 repetitions; exercise: +3.86 repetitions) and FEV1/FEV6 ratio were observed. Neuromodulation yielded greater improvements in balance and handgrip strength, while the exercise intervention demonstrated superior effects on mobility and speed, as evidenced by the 10-meter up-and-go test (final time: neuromodulation 5.4 s vs. exercise 4.97 s). Conclusions: Both neuromodulation and structured exercise programs are effective non-pharmacological interventions for enhancing physical and respiratory functionality in fibromyalgia patients. The complementary effects observed suggest that integrating these therapies could provide a holistic approach to managing fibromyalgia symptoms and improving quality of life.