Sustainable Production Systems in the Brazilian Amazon: A Systematic Review

The integration of the Amazon into the global commodities market requires ensuring the rational use of resources to meet market and socio-political demands, such as the UN’s 2030 Agenda. Responsible production practices are essential to address the current demand for sustainable land use and resource management. This study reviewed the literature (2004–2024) on the opportunities and challenges of implementing and consolidating sustainable production systems in the Amazon. It found a low distribution of studies across Brazilian Amazon states and a surge in publications since 2015, focusing on agroforestry systems and forest management. Challenges include socio-political limitations that hinder public decision-making, leading to inefficient policies, as well as economic issues, lack of know-how, inadequate infrastructure, poor logistics, and cultural resistance. Nevertheless, these systems offer opportunities such as intensified and diversified production, carbon sequestration, and soil and forest conservation. Finally, future research should consider political, social, and economic aspects to facilitate the transition from traditional to sustainable models, supporting strategies for consolidating these systems in the Amazon.